Careers in Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) applies automated technology to manufacturing. CIM automates and integrates all of the elements of a manufacturing process with the help of digital processes and computer controls. Unlike the use of manual processes in manufacturing, it depends heavily upon computers to meet manufacturing needs. CIM systems rely on central computing networks that control the entire manufacturing process. Introduced in the 1980s by machine tool manufacturers and the Society for Manufacturing Engineers (SME), CIM includes a variety of components:

computer aided design (CAD/CAM)
computer aided planning process (CAPP)
computer numerical control (CNC)
flexible machining systems (FMS)
automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRS)
automated guided vehicles (AGV)

A Brief Sketch of CIM CIM involves the use of advanced technologies such as robotics, computerized scheduling, and production control. CIM also largely relies on the use of CAD/CAM in most manufacturing processes. This important tool integrates design with manufacturing. CAD/CAM provides significant manufacturing elements such as fabrication drawings, designs, and drafts. This speeds up the manufacturing process by allowing for rapid transfer of drawings and other illustrations in electronic format from one manufacturing section to another. CAD/CAM assists in providing necessary levels of integration at manufacturing plants by providing a range of capabilities like design, scheduling, and fabrication. CAD allows engineers and technicians to create 2D and even 3D designs before manufacturing prototypes. Computational techniques like finite element analysis test prototypes for design defects. Once programmers design a prototype, CAD graphics are used to manufacture the part. Thus, CAD/CAM helps reduce manufacturing time while improving quality. CIM also makes use of computer numerical control (CNC) machines that read computerized instructions called G codes to ensure precise manufacturing. Flexible machining systems (FMS) are another element of CIM. These systems allow for flexibility in the manufacturing process to accommodate predictable or unpredictable changes. Automated storage and retrieval systems (ASRS) provide automatic storage and retrieval for raw materials, goods, spares, components, and finished goods. They are vast, complex assemblies or racks that store materials needed in various stages of manufacturing. When material is requisitioned, a computer determines its location. An automated device picks up the bin containing the material from the computerized storage rack and delivers it to the appropriate stage in the assembly line. Automated storage and retrieval systems improve efficiency, competence, and manufacturing effectiveness. Automated guidance vehicles (AGV) provide automated material movement, decreasing labor costs. They also improve safety on the job by reducing damage to nearby equipment and products. Although modern manufacturing has become accustomed to CIM, there are a few key issues that can arise, such as equipment compatibility problems and disparities between manufacturing protocols. CIM also requires a lot of investment in upgrading current manufacturing infrastructure to accommodate computer enabled and automated software. Furthermore, CIM requires significant attention to software, licensing, appropriate hardware, and other matters. Though CIM requires less human interaction, there is no substitute for a human presence in an organization's day-to-day manufacturing. Proper implementation of CIM can bring a new dimension to manufacturing. Along with improving quality, it can assist manufacturers with making improved decisions and quickly catering to shifting customer demands in a competitive market. Careers and Professional Opportunities A range of career programs is now available in the United States to prepare individuals for the "factories of the future." Several pathways are open to CIM graduates currently. They work with professionals from various mechanical, electrical, and industrial engineering backgrounds to design a variety of manufacturing processes and production facilities. Experience in CAD is highly desirable. The typical job requires a 40-hour workweek with some overtime and extended evening hours. CIM professionals usually possess bachelor's degrees in computer integrated manufacturing or industrial technology. Graduates just starting out in CIM careers earn between $10 and $18 per hour. Many opportunities for promotion to middle and senior management are available in the rapidly adapting manufacturing environment.

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Careers in Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)